garnets are a category of silicate minerals that have been used since the Bronze Age as gemstones and abrasives. all species of garnets possess similar physical properties and crystal forms, but differ in chemical composition.

yellow sapphire is a gem of the corundum family and is a twin of ruby and blue sapphire. it is available in yellow, golden and orange colors. the highest quality is known to be of lemon-yellow color. the color in yellow sapphire is of iron and titanium.